Impacts Occurring Due to Air Pollution

a. Extinction of Species

Pollutants are toxic to many kinds of animals and even turn it off. Various animal species have different immunity against pollutants. There are sensitive, some are resistant. Young animals and animal larvae are sensitive to contaminants. There are animals that can adapt so resistant to pollutants, some are not. Although animals adapt, to know that the level of animal adaptation has its limits. When the limit is exceeded, the animal will die.

Various bird species declining population. It is caused by insecticides. Insecticide dichloro diphenyl triklorometana (DDT) cause eggshell damage to many species of birds that bird eggs deform or fail to grow, for the mother bird feeds on insects contaminated.

b. Environmental Balance Disorders

Extinction of certain species can alter the pattern of interactions in an ecosystem. Food chains, food webs and energy flow changes. As a result, the balance of the disturbed

c. Toxicity and Disease

People who eat vegetables, fish, and contaminated food can be poisoned. There are straight away, there is a damaged liver, kidney, cancer, nervous system damage, and that causes defects in the offspring. Biological pollution can lead to the spread of germs.

d. Biological concentration

Pollutants entering the environment through the food chain and food web nets. Toxic materials are dumped into the water to seep into the body preformance algae. Furthermore ganging was eaten by small shrimp. Olh eat small shrimp in the big fish. And if the fish are caught and then eaten by humans, then the pollutants will enter into the human body.

Normally, pollutants entering the waters have small levels. This is because the pollutant is absorbed by the body ganging, the levels have risen hundreds and even thousands of times. Pollutants in the water levels are only 0.00007 ppm (ppm = parts per million which is part of the millionth of a gram), in the body preformance algae can be 0.007 ppm. Because of small shrimp eat algae cells not just one but many algae cells, then in the body of a small shrimp pollutant levels may be 0.7 ppm. In the body of the fish, pollutant levels were increased to 25 ppm. In the body of people who often eat fish, the levels of pollutants will increase to 75 ppm. The process of elevated levels of pollutants through the living body are known as biological concentration (in English known as biomagnification).

E. How to control and prevention of water pollution

The successful recovery of environmental conditions and ground water due to groundwater abstraction is determined by the integration and coordination of stakeholders in the management of groundwater (stakeholders). The technical aspects of disaster impact water uptake pemanfataan To minimize the negative impacts of groundwater, groundwater development necessary risk analysis and processing effects (risk assessment - risk management). Risk analysis includes the quantity and quality of groundwater, while managing the impact of the technical aspects and policy aspects

Similarly, among other items on Engineering Workshop Agreement Decision Impact Groundwater Management held at the Auditorium the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources, Jakarta. The deal generated after exposure preceded by the experts as well as a fairly deep discussions.

The workshop also agreed to achieve the sustainable use of its designation, groundwater should be considered as non-renewable resources (non-renewable resources). Publishing technical recommendation groundwater discharge, especially with the need to refer to the results of a thorough examination, for example, by applying risk analysis and management of impacts

Based on natural processes, including groundwater natural resources (renewable resources). However, if an interruption occurs, the recovery takes a long time. Groundwater can also be understood as a non-renewable resource (non-renewable resources) if the emphasis on social and economic sustainability are directly related to the use of (groundwater sustainability).

Including ground water situation in Indonesia has been degraded by poor water balance. It is necessary for prevention efforts. It is better than the response after the impact. Ground water extraction by pumping excess (overpumping) or junk exceed safe (safe yield) has been shown to negatively affect groundwater conditions and environments.

Negative impact due to groundwater abstraction exceeding safe junk preceded by subsidence of ground water continuously until the groundwater exceed safe. Another is the continuing impact of groundwater quality degradation due instrusksi seawater and groundwater pollution, and land subsidence due to ground subsidence (land subsidence).

Environmental degradation and groundwater conditions because of human intervention can be stopped if there is positive human intervention. That is the technical engineering of h in amounts less than or equal to the safe limit of ground water withdrawal. It should be immediately issued Government Regulation on Groundwater that policies and regulations at the local level can have the same direction and perpenanggulangan impact groundwater abstraction that aims to restore the condition of the soil and water environment.

Technical engineering applications has memsyarakat include infiltration wells, infiltration trenches, where, ponds and so on. For example, irrigation area, the fields and especially the canal channel system without lining, has been shown to make a major contribution in improving the groundwater catchment (groundwater storage).

To prevent negative impacts groundwater abstraction can be done by utilizing water tanasepsi.tanah need to be considered in the preparation of groundwater management policies.