History of Singapore
Singapore plays a minor role in the developmental history of
Southeast Asia to Sir Stamford Raffles established a British port there. Under
kolonialInggris government, Singapore has become a very strategic port since
its location is in the middle of the trade route between India and China that
ended up being among the most important ports in the world today. During World
War II, Singapore was occupied by the Japanese from 1942 to 1945.
After the war, the locals are justifiably self-government but
has yet to reach independence. So in 1963 Singapore Tanah Melayu has joined
together with Sabah and Sarawak to form Malaysia. But Singapore out of Malaysia
to become a republic on August 9, 1965.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 History Ago
2 Establishment of Modern Singapore (1819)
3 Early Development (1819-1826)
4 Straits Settlements (1826-1867)
5 Japanese Occupation Period (1942-1945)
6 Self-Government (1955-1963)
7 Establish Fellowship Malaysia (1963-1965)
8 Republic of Singapore (1965-present)
9 See also
10 External links
HISTORY ago
In the past around the 14th century, the island of Singapore is
part of the kingdom of Srivijaya and was known as Temasek ("Sea
Town").
Singapore believed that free government is the center of the
Malay kingdoms before it was occupied by Sir Stamford Raffles. It is based on
writings Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir Munsyi stating when Singapore cleaned, there
are hills that have been identified as the hill ban, and there are lots of
fruit trees planted there. This suggests the presence of an administrative
center in situ.
Other than that, Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir helped Munsyi stated
that the discovery of an inscribed stone has a carved inscription that is not
recognized and has been blurred. Inscription Singapuraitu shows Singapore has
become a central administration since a long time ago, before the arrival of
the British.
Unfortunately the inscriptions had been destroyed shortly after
the arrival of England by a British engineer. However, there is a note on a
copy of the text that has been delivered to London but failed interpreted. Had
the record copy of the article can be found again, he was able to give an
estimate of when it was carved through translation or if only they failed to
translate, through the type of paper used.
SINGAPORE MODERN ESTABLISHMENT (1819)
Among the 16th century and into the 19th period, the Malay
Archipelago gradually become the property of the European colonizers. The
beginning of the occupation of the West began when the Portuguese arrived in
Melaka in 1509. When the period of the 17th, the Dutch had taken control of
most of the major ports in the Malay Archipelago. The Dutch had monopolized all
the spice trade which at that time was an important trade ingredients. Other
European colonists, including the UK, have only a small trade rights.
Thomas Stamford Raffles, founder of modern Singapore.
In 1818, Sir Stamford Raffles was appointed a governor of a
British port is in Bengkulu, Sumatra. Raffles believe that the UK needs to find
a way to become the dominant ruler of this shoreline. One way is to build a new
port in the Strait of Melaka. Existing UK ports such as Penang is too far from
the Straits of Melaka while Bengkulu overlooking the Straits of Sunda.
In 1818, he had managed to convince the East India Company (EIC)
to search for a new port on this shoreline.
Raffles arrived in Singapore on January 29, 1819. He encountered
a small Malay settlement at the mouth of the Singapore River, headed by a Chief
Johor. The island is managed by the Sultanate of Johor but the unstable
political situation. The heir to the Sultan of Johor, Tengku Abdul Rahman
dominated by Dutch and Bugis. Raffles later learned that Tengku Abdul Rahman
became emperor just because kakandanya, Tengku Hussein nothing during his father's
death. According to the Malay custom, the candidate needs to be on the sultan
sultan sultan if only to be inducted.
Aware that he could manipulate the situation, Raffles has
contributed to a Sultan Tengku Hussein if only Tengku Hussein would allow the UK
to open ports in Singapore and in reply England will pay annually to the Tengku
Hussein. This agreement became invalid on February 6, 1819.
INITIAL DEVELOPMENT (1819-1826)
Raffles returned to Bengkulu was soon after signed an agreement
with Johor. William Farquhar heads the new British colony with the help of an
army of irregulars England.
Behind the problems Singapore faces growing rapidly due to its
status as a free port. Arab traders, Tiong Hoa and India made it their haven.
Straits Settlements (1826-1867)
Founding of Singapore by the Raffles got into trouble when the
Dutch royal auspices of the accused Britain of interfering effects. At first
the British Empire and the United East Indies England sympathize with this
problem but they soon ignore it for the sake of progress in Singapore. By the
year 1822, it was clear the British intention that they will not ever give up
Singapore.
Status of Singapore as a British property was confirmed by the
Anglo-Dutch Treaty ditandatanginya 1824 which divided the Malay Archipelago
influence of the two powers. Northern region including Penang, Melaka and
Singapore as the British influence in the south, while under the influence of
the Netherlands. In 1826, Singapore together with Penang and Melaka classified
under one rule, namely State-Strait Affairs.
JAPANESE OCCUPATION AGE (1942-1945)
The main article for this section are: the Japanese occupation
of Singapore
On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked Pearl Harbour. One goal is
to master the Japan-East Asia is due to economic factors. Singapore which is
the main base for the Allied Military Japan is the main target.
In Singapore, many people believe that Japan would attack him
first before attacking Malaya. The British are now willing to provide the best
war contingent. This includes the delivery of the warship HMS Prince of Wales
and HMS Repulse warships. They also led several other warships.
On December 8, 1941, Japanese troops landed at Kota Bharu,
Kelantan. After two days of army-Japanese army landed, the ship Prince of Wales
and Repulse ship sank due to be destroyed by the Japanese. Japanese soldiers
continued to move across the country led to the British Malay forced to retreat
south to Singapore. Ahead of January 31, 1942, after 55 days bermulanya attack
the Japanese, the Japanese have successfully mastered the entire Land of Malay
and get ready to attack Singapore.
After some fighting, Lieutenant-General Arthur Ernest Percival
and army-British army surrendered to Tomoyuki Yamashita General of the Lunar
New Year with 15 Februari1942. Approximately 130,000 irregulars India,
Australia and Britain became prisoners of war. The fall of Singapore was the
largest British surrender in history lost.
Singapore was then called into Syonan-to (昭南 岛
Shonan-to, "Light of the South) in Japanese. Singapore was occupied by
Japan from 1942 to 1945.
OWN GOVERNMENT (1955-1963)
Chairman of the Labour Front, David Marshall, became the first
Chief Minister of Singapore. He ruled an unstable government and led to a
massive strike peritiwa. In April 1956, he traveled to London to talk about the
independence of Singapore but was unsuccessful because of the influence of
communists in Singapore. Marshall continued to press the UK that he would
resign sekirannya England did not give independence to Singapore. But the
British company Marshall ignored the lawsuit, and eventually he was forced to
relinquish his post. Singapore Chief Minister Lim Yew Hock is so. He took firm
action against the heads of union workers and members of the pro-communist.
Lim decisive action led Britain agreed to grant self-government
to Singapore.
SHAPE COMMUNITY MALAYSIA (1963-1965)
On 16 September 1963, the UK agreed to surrender Singapore,
Sabah, and Sarawak to join the Federation of Malaysia PersekutuanTanah that
Malays can be formed. After accompanying Malaysia, Singapore's main political
parties are the People's Action Party won the election in Singapore. PAP
actions are often voiced discontent about kaumBumiputera privilege.
Many members of the United Malays National Organisation
Federation urged the government to arrest Lee Kuan Yew. So on August 7, 1965,
Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra rid Singapore from Malaysia. Many people assume the
actions Malaysia Tunku Abdul Rahman as a disadvantage because they say many
other ways to maintain the security of Singapore.
During this period the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation. 3
marines Indonesia, namely Aaron Thohir, Usman Janatin, and Gani bin Arup blow
MacDonnald House in Singapore in 1965. They escaped, but two of them, namely
Aaron and Usman can be captured and hanged three years later though Indonesia
is ask for forgiveness, because in 1968, President Sukarno was replaced by
Suharto's fall and when it is not supported by the Western Countries Lee Kuan
Yew to worry about.
REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE (1965-NOW)
After discharge from Malaysia, Singapore began to emerge as a
world trading power. Many amenities and progress was made during the reign of
Lee Kuan Yew.
In 1990, Lee Kuan Yew quit politics and give the government
power to Goh Chok Tong. In 2004 also, Goh Chok Tong stepped down as Prime
Minister and give the path to the Lee Kuan Yew's son Lee Hsien Loong to govern.
